Michigan State University recommends the following tips to consider when choosing a fertilizer or fertilizer service:

At least 25% of the nitrogen should be slow-release form. Nitrogen is the most soluble element and therefore the most prone to leaching or runoff.  It may enhance weed and algae growth that has detrimental effects on the quality of water.

Country Club Grounds Maintenance uses a 75% slow-release fertilizer in the 5-Step program.

Use a zero phosphorus fertilizer if phosphorus levels are adequate. Phosphorus has the greatest impact on aquatic weed growth and should be used on lawns adjacent to water only if need is determined by a soil test. An MSU aquatic expert estimates that 1 lb. of phosphorus could support 775 lbs. of algae growth. 

Some states and local authorities have passed laws to ban phosphorus due to the danger it poses to bodies of water. Country Club Grounds Maintenance promotes environmental quality by using fertilizer containing zero phosphorus. 

Keep fertilizers off any concrete or asphalt surfaces. Rainwater could carry these materials into a drainage system that connects to surface water. Sweep or blow fertilizers off the hard surfaces back onto the lawn.

Country Club Grounds Maintenance always cleans up fertilizer from concrete and asphalt surfaces.

If you use a professional lawn care service, make certain its technicians are familiar with water protection techniques.